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J.Masoudi Fard,PH.D.
 
Abstract
8^th Century has witnessed a close coordination between mysticism and Shiism. The inclination of Shiite faith among mystics not only caused the expansion of campaign/combats for equity and justice rather that led to the formation of social movements such as sarbdaran. The main question of the present study is that how hermitage and mystics could influence the social conditions of the 8^th century AH.
This article focuses on the social role of hermitage in 8^th century and the emergence of Sufism and social movement. The research methodology is based on descriptive-library studies.
The briefly research outcome is that the 8th century witnessed a remarkable growth in direct combats between Sufis and rulers and the claim of establishing peoples’ rule. Shiite dynasties like Sarbdaran became successful in establishing a government and leaders like Safi-al-Din Ardbeli and Shah Nemat Allah Wali were present in all social arenas and hence; not only roughness and cruelty of rulers gradually decreased rather they searched for lessening peoples’ suffering.
It must be mentioned that lie, deception and hypocrisy prevailed in all social layers of the proposed century. Even Sufis and their hermitages were not safe from these corruptions.
 
 

Keywords: Mysticism and Sufism, Hermitage and Dervishes, Social Role of Sufism, Criticism, Sufism in 8th Century

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