Semantic Sign of Nima Youshij's Poem "Moonlight Flower" Based on Rifater's Structuralist Model

Semiotics is considered an interdisciplinary approach that studies the semiotic systems of a work. One of the fundamental branches in the field of semiotics of poetry is Michael Refatter's theory. Applying Refatter's semiotic model in the study and rereading of literary works, especially poetry, sheds light on important points about the creation of the work and its re-creation by the reader. According to this theory, the reader is considered a very important factor in the process of reading the text. In this model, poems are first examined in two ways: receptive reading and latent reading, which in the first stage analyzes meaning and in the next stage linguistic implications. Then, the reader or critic analyzes and perceives lexical associations or key themes, and finally ends up discovering the semantic network of the work. In this research, using the Refater theory in qualitative analysis and with the approach of retrospective reading, the descriptive accumulations and systems of poems have been identified, and the dispersed matrix in the entire poem has been obtained, and finally the semantic structure has been clarified. The aim of the article is to show to what extent Refater's structuralist model in the analysis of the poem "Moonflower" leads to a creative reading of the poem and how the narrative plurality in Nima's poem has caused a fluid space of discourse. The result of the research indicates that the main accumulation of the poem revolves around the axis of "change and transformation" and "revolution", and the systems of poems of "despair and hopelessness" have been formed alongside the structural network of pain and suffering, hopelessness and darkness, and the confrontation and arrangement of a multitude of words and concepts bring to the reader's mind. It also shows that Yushij's poetic language is more complex than that of his contemporaries, and that using Riffater's theory, one can easily penetrate the inner layers of meaning in his poetry and understand the semantic structure.