Abdollahian, Hamid (2002). Character and Characterization in Contemporary Fiction; First Edition, Tehran: Ann.
Ahkhota, Ahmad (1992). The Grammar of a Story; 1st edition, Tehran: Farda.
Ahmadi, Nasrallah (1990). The Structure of a Short Story; Shiraz: Mirza Shirazi Cultural, Artistic and Publishing Institute.
Al-Ahmad, Jalal (1960). View and Visit; 5th edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Al-Ahmad, Jalal (1978). From the suffering we endure; 2nd edition,Tehran:Amir Kabir.
Al-Ahmad, Jalal (1987). A Woman of Many; 10th edition, Tehran: Ferdows.
Al-Ahmad, Jalal (1991). Five Stories; 3rd edition, Qom: Zhakkan.
Alavi, Bozorg (2002). Gileh-Mard; Tehran: Negah.
Alavi, Bozorg (2004). Mirza; Tehran: Negah.
Alavi, Bozorg (2008). Suitcase; Tehran: Amirkabir.
Aristotle (1978). The Art of Poetry; Translated and annotated by Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, Tehran: Amirkabir.
Baraheni, Reza (1989). Short Story Writing; Tehran: Alborz.
Bavi Sajid, Habib (1989). Ahmad Mahmoud; Tehran: Afraz.
Chobak, Sadeq (1955). Tent Play; Second Edition, Gutenberg Library Publications.
Chobak, Sadeq (1972). The First Day of the Grave; Second Edition, Tehran: Javidan.
Chobak, Sadeq (1976). The Entari Whose Lottery Was Dead; Sixth Edition, Tehran: Javidan.
Chobak, Sadeq (1976). The Last Light; Tehran: Javidan.
Dadour, Elmira (1984). "Characteristics and Strategies of Writing a Short Story"; Journal of Foreign Language Research, Vol. 17, 29-44.
Dibble, Anson (2012). Plot in Fiction; Translated by Mehrnoosh Talaei, Ahvaz: Resesh.
Ebrahimi, Nader (1997). The Pride of Beginning or A Good Beginning in Fiction Literature; 1st edition, Tehran: Roozbahan.
Golestan, Ebrahim (1969). The Tide and the Fog; First edition, Tehran: Rosen.
Golestan, Ebrahim (2004). Azar, the Last Month of Autumn; Fifth Edition, Tehran: Rosen.
Golestan, Ebrahim (2004). The Wind, the Wall, and the Thirsty; Fifth Edition, Tehran: Rosen.
Golestan, Ebrahim (2007). Shadow Hunting; Second Edition, Tehran: Rosen.
Golshiri, Houshang (1977). As always; Third edition, Tehran: Zaman.
Golshiri, Houshang (1983). The robe; First edition, Tehran: Ketab Tehran.
Golshiri, Houshang (1985). My little prayer room; Second edition, Tehran: Ketab Tehran.
Hedayat, Sadegh (2002). Bright Shadow; Second Edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Hedayat, Sadegh (2006). Living in the Grave; Third Edition, Tehran: Jameh Doran.
Hedayat, Sadegh (2006). Stray Dog; Third Edition, Tehran: Jameh Doran.
Hedayat, Sadegh (2006). Three Drops of Blood; Third Edition, Tehran: Jameh Doran.
Jouveau, Vincent (2015). The Poetics of the Novel; Translated by Nosrat Hejazi, first edition, Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1957). Mol; First edition, Tehran: Amirkabir.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1959). The sea is still calm; First edition, Gutenberg Press.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1962). Uselessness; First edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1977). Native Boy; Third edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1977). Pilgrim under the Rain; Fifth edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Mahmoud, Ahmad (1977). Strangers; Third edition, Tehran: Amir Kabir.
Márquez, Gabriel García (1981). The ominous hour; Translated by Ahmad Golshiri, First edition, Tehran: Negah.
Martin, Wallace (1983). Theories of narrative; Translated by Mohammad Shahba, First edition, Tehran: Hermes.
Minovi, Mojtaba (1973). “The Researcher of the Enduring”; Today’s Book, No. 6, 2-4.
Mir-Abedini, Hassan (1988). A Hundred Years of Storytelling in Iran; Tehran: Cheshme, 1988.
Norouzian, Masoud et al. (2006). "The Art of Beginning in Saadi's Tales and Western Short Stories"; Persian Language and Literature Research, Vol. 7, 42-65.
Nourbakhsh Rezaei, Farideh Al-Sadat (1976). Study and Analysis of Beginning Mechanisms in Persian Short Stories; Master’s Thesis in Persian Language and Literature, University of Guilan.
O'Connor, Frank (1982). The Lonely Voice (Study and Structural Analysis of the Short Story); Translated by Shahla Filsofi, Tehran: Ashehar.
Payandeh, Hossein (1994). Opening the Novel; Second Edition, Tehran: Morvarid.
Prop, Vladimir (1989). Morphology of Fairy Tales; Translated by Fereydoun Badrei, Tehran: Toos Publications.
Qoumi, Mahvash (2006). “On the Threshold of the Text”; Foreign Languages Research, Volume 12, No. 33, 115-132.
Saedi, Gholamhossein (1966). Dandil; Tehran: Jawaneh.
Saedi, Gholamhossein (1966). Grave and Cradle; Tehran: Negah.
Saedi, Gholamhossein (1976). Nameless Fears; 3rd edition, Tehran: Nil.
Saedi, Gholamhossein (1977). Magnificent Nights; 6th edition, Tehran: Amirkabir.
Sarafi, Mohammad Reza et al. (2009). “Ways of Beginning and Ending Stories in the Thousand and One Nights”; Researches on Mystical Literature, Volume 3, No. 1, 31-54.
Sepanloo, Mohammad Ali (2005). Recreating Reality; Tehran: Sales Publishing.
Tomashevsky, Boris (2006). "Inside the Theater" Literary Theory: Texts from Russian Formalists; Translated by Atefeh Tahaei, Tehran: Akhtaran.
Younesi, Ebrahim (2000). The Art of Storytelling; Sixth Edition, Tehran: Sokhan.
Literary Research