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Formalistic criticism was the most important approach at the turn of 20th century that was originated from the modernism. The last decades of nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, were the periods of denial and rejection as well as break-away from the past literary and artistic traditions. Modernism tried to break the ideology of ancient art and created "new" and "modern literature". For that reason, in the early twentieth century, thinkers made anti-cinema, anti-theater and anti-novel efforts to create a kind of anti-artistic views. The formalism in this tumultuous scenario raised the flag to combat traditional thoughts in literary and artistic domain. Is today, in the existing circumstances, formalism can be used for literary criticism ?
In this paper, the manner of emergence of formalism in the early twentieth century literature is studied and techniques and theories are compared with the Persian rhetoric. Undoubtedly, today, after the passing of nearly one century of the emergence of formalism, it should be noted that although formalists created new theories, almost all
stages of their works are clouded with dogmatic fundamentalism. Today, in order to pay tribute to their efforts, formalistic critical school, with an absolute perspective, must virtually be placed in museum of artistic and literary criticism and cannot be used as an ultimate and final method in criticism.

Keywords: Formalism, Dogmatism, Modern Stories, Transition in Formalistic Criticism

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