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Aliakbar Bagheri Khalili, PH.D.
Manireh Mehrabi Kali
Abstract
 
From the perspective of Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961 AD), the collective unconscious, is the source of historical experiences and these experiences are manifested through ancient patterns. Mask, shadow, anima, animos and self/mandala, are the most ancient patterns which are also manifested in literary works.  Jung believes that the ancient patterns very effective in the formation and evolution of personality. According to this theory, contrasts and conflicts of personality types and social classes in the poems of Hafez are compatible to mask and shadow of Jung and dictums such as spoiled and distinctness are responsible to define the opposition of shadow mask are responsible. The most important masks of Khawaja Shams al-Din Muhammad are: guardian and, pious. In these shadows, Khawaja shows himself less than what it is, so that there is no or less than what will happen. It has been an attempt to achieve balance, follow through to perfection. In this way, he constructs "I", “mask” and “shadow” bring the unity of the personality of "knavish".
 
 

Keywords: Jung, Masks, Shadow, Hafez Shirazi

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